Sunday, November 10, 2013

Marriage and the Resurrection - A sermon for Pentecost 25

I didn't actually preach this sermon.  I was so unhappy with it that I went off manuscript and preached what was in my heart.  Which followed a *similar* slant to what is printed below, but on the whole was very different.  


Pentecost 25
November 10, 2013
Luke 20:27-38

Sixty years ago today, my dad’s parents were married.  In their wedding ceremony, they exchanged vows and in those vows was a promise to be faithful until death parts them.  Yesterday, we gathered in Kalamazoo to celebrate their faithfulness to each other and God’s faithfulness to them over the past sixty years.   Notice, that wedding vows are not for eternity, but only until death parts the two making the vows.  It is beyond our knowing what relationships will look like in the age to come, if they will be the same or if they will look different.  As those who preside over weddings, we can only speak of what we know and all we know is of for sure is of this world and this life.  We can only imagine what it to come in the next life. And this makes our gospel text for this morning a little tricky.
Part of the difficulty with this text is that there are some things that you need to know when diving in.  These are mostly cultural aspects that make things a lot clearer, and less weird, than they are if you take them in our current cultural context. 
The first has to do with the Sadducees. The Sadducees are a group of religious leaders that we don’t hear very much about in the Gospels.  They were at odds with the Pharisees because of two distinct differences in beliefs.  The first is that the Sadducees did not believe in the resurrection. For them, this life is all there is.   The Pharisees, on the other hand, were believers in the afterlife and the resurrection of the dead at the coming of the Messiah.   The other distinct difference between the two groups was that the Sadducees believed that the sole source of divine authority came from the Torah, the first five books of Hebrew Scriptures, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.  The Pharisees believed that divine authority could also be found in the other parts of Hebrew Scripture.  It is this second difference of opinion that caused the first difference in opinion.
So there is one area of information that helps us read this text. 
The other piece of information that is helpful in reading this text is in knowing what Levirate Marriage was.  If we were to read this text in our own cultural context, one might think that the Sadducees were referring to a very mixed up family…but the reality of Jesus’ time, and the time before Jesus, is that inheritance laws were so important that if a married man died childless, it was his younger brothers duty to marry the widow and raise up children with her for his brother so that land could continue to pass down through the first man’s line.  This was one of the laws of Moses. 
This law was created with the original intention to do two things.  One, to protect the inheritance rights of the family, and two, to protect the widow from being looked down upon for being childless at the death of her husband.  To be a childless woman in that time was considered to be cursed according to the cultural standards. However, this law from Moses, as well intentioned as it may have been at the time, reveals to a modern day reader the belief held during that time that women were property, first of their fathers, and then of their husbands.
So, to recap…Sadducees and Pharisees didn’t get along and it was not unusual for a woman to be married off to her husband’s younger brother if her husband died childless, per the laws of Moses.
This brings us back to our gospel text for this morning.
When the Sadducees approach Jesus, then, they are bringing to him a very extreme case of this levirate marriage.  They were coming to Jesus not because they cared about the wording of the marriage vows, but because they were part of the group of folks that were seeking out a reason to get rid of Jesus.  So they try to trick him with this story - A woman was married to a man and, at the time of the man’s death, the couple had no children, so she was married to the oldest of the man’s six younger brothers.  The woman wound up being married off to all seven brothers after each of brother died childless.  The woman then dies…which begs the question…Whose wife will she be in the resurrection?  Which is really to ask whose property will she be?
When the Sadducees bring this question to Jesus they, who do not believe in the resurrection, are assuming that Jesus and the Pharisees believe that life in the resurrection will be just a continuation of life here and now.  They are also assuming that this barren woman’s place in the resurrection is dependent on one of the brothers…they’re just not sure which one because at one time she was the property of each of them. 
But instead of playing into their hands, Jesus turns the story on its head and reveals to them that the resurrection life if not like life as we know it now.  It’s better.  In this life woman are married off and treated as property.  In the resurrection, the institution of marriage where in a woman is treated as property is not necessary…in fact the ownership of any human being as property is unnecessary because the age of the resurrection is not just a rehashing of the past but a new and different…and better age.  
There is no death in the age of the resurrection.  There is restoration to wholeness and the original intention of God’s good creation, one in which sin does not exist.  One in which everyone is on an equal footing as children of God and there are no victims because God’s ultimate justice is done. In the story Luke tells, this means that in the resurrection, the barren woman has just as much value as the seven brothers she was married off to, even though in this life she was considered to be worthless because of her incapacity to have children.  And while we live in an age where, for the most part, women are not seen as property of their husbands, the ownership of women and men in other forms of property holding still hold people captive.  In the age of the resurrection, God’s justice will be done for them, though in this age we are called to strive for the day when no one will be considered a commodity to be traded, bought or sold.
God made a promise to be our God for all eternity and our God is a God who keeps his promises. When Jesus responded to the inquiry of the Sadducees, he revealed a God of the living, not a God of the dead.  So if God makes good on God’s promises, God will make good on God’s promise to be our God in this life and in the life to come.

The Sadducees did not get the answer they were looking for.  But they didn’t bother Jesus again.  Soon they would see the manifestation of what Jesus spoke about.  Soon he would be put to death by the Romans, only to rise from the dead three days later.  Death would not win this battle, and a resurrected Christ would be revealed for them to see and touch.   For Luke and his audience…the forces of Rome which put Jesus to death and later viciously persecuted the early Christians and destroyed the temple in Jerusalem did not have the last word, Luke was confident that God and God’s good creation does. And we who sit here this morning, we who are children of God, joined to Christ’s death in our baptism, hear the same promise…that our God, a God of the living, will be our God in both this life and in the next.  And though we do not know exactly what the age of the resurrection will look like, but we do know this…it is not merely a continuation of this life, but something better…an age where death will cease to exist, an age where all people are free and loved equally, an age where there are no victims, an age where we are all united under God’s totally and unfailing love.   

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